Oddly enough–or perhaps not – both Virginia and New England, each in her denominationally separate way, created the same climate of religious intolerance, oppression, and harassment that many of the university men had found unbearable at home, when Archbishop Laud reigned supreme, imposing Arminian “popery” on recalcitrant Calvinists. In fact, each of the other three had his difficulties with the Puritan orthodoxies that emerged rapidly in the colony designed to be the Almighty’s kingdom on transatlantic Earth. But he was by no means the only one of the four reverends who ran afoul of religious orthodoxy. Yet while three of them, George Burdett, George Moxon, and John Wheelwright, left Old England for the New to escape various forms of alienation and oppression commonly inflicted on Puritans in the pre-Commonwealth era, the fourth, Thomas Harrison, came to Virginia as a High Church man, but moved from Anglican Virginia to nonconformist Boston as a newly reborn Puritan, having become persona non grata in the colony of Cavaliers. Sachse, “The Migration of New Englanders to England, 1640–1660,” American Historical Re (.)ĢTypically, all four Sidney men were clergymen. Breen and Stephen Foster, “Moving to the New Wor (.)
6 On the religious motives for emigration see T. (Far fewer university men had emigrated to New England before 1630.) 5 Sidney Sussex College, which is featured in this essay as a representative sample, with four graduates coming to America in the 1630s, contributed its fair share, comparable to other Cambridge colleges, say, Pembroke, Clare and King’s, though not to Emmanuel, which sent no fewer than thirty-five alumni to New England by 1645, virtually all of them during the 1630s. About three quarters of them were Cambridge graduates. They created that public opinion which insisted on sound schooling, at whatever cost and through their own characters and lives they inculcated, among a pioneer people, a respect for learning.” 4 The earliest settlers of Virginia, from 1607 on, were cultured if nothing else, and the “Great Migration” of some 13,000 by-and-large reasonably prosperous Puritans to New England during the 1630s included 118 university men, an estimated 85 percent of them clergy. 3 “These university-trained emigrants were the people who founded the intellectual traditions and scholastic standards. As early as 1619, ten thousand acres were set aside for a college in Henrico, Virginia, designed to teach the Indians “true religion and civil course of life” 2 and the college in the “other” Cambridge bears the name of the Cantabrigian who bequeathed his more than 300 books to it in the 1630s. Whether scholars or gentlemen or both, they were determined to leave an intellectual legacy. Indeed, the very first generation of settlers, in both centers of immigration, Virginia and New England, is remarkable among colonial populations for its considerable component of university men. However, the significance of these events tends to overshadow the fact that individual intellectuals, too, left their mark on the profile of its people, long before the influx of the 1848ers after the failed German revolution. 5 Virginia DeJohn Anderson, New England’s Generation: The Great Migration and the Formation of Socie (.)ġEighteenth-and nineteenth-century demographic events such as the “clearances” in Scotland, the potato famine in Ireland and the pogroms in Eastern Europe all had a significant impact on the national composition of the immigrant population of North America. 
4 Samuel Eliot Morison, The Founding of Harvard College (Cambridge, MA, 1935), 4l.3 For the broader context, see Frank Thistlethwaite, “Cambridge: The Nursery of New England,” Cam, S (.).Morton, Colonial Virginia (Chapel Hill, NC, 1960), I, 60.
1 A Brief Recognition of New England’s Errand into the Wilderness was the title of the election sermo (.).
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